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Live Food Culturing ARTICLE

Live Food Culturing

Live Food Culturing Overview This is the canonical Reefapedia landing article for Live Food Culturing in the livestock taxonomy. Taxonomy Context Category path: livestock/algae/pods-and-phyto/live-food-culturing....

Reefapedia 1 min read
Live Food Culturing
Ulva (Sea Lettuce) ARTICLE

Ulva (Sea Lettuce)

Ulva (Sea Lettuce) is a fast-growing macroalgae used primarily for nutrient export and food web support. It thrives with moderate–high light, moderate flow, and...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Ulva (Sea Lettuce)
Other Macroalgae ARTICLE

Other Macroalgae

Other Macroalgae Overview This is the canonical Reefapedia landing article for Other Macroalgae in the livestock taxonomy. Taxonomy Context Category path: livestock/algae/macro-algae/other-macroalgae. Breadcrumb: Livestock...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Other Macroalgae
Dragon’s Tongue (Halymenia) ARTICLE

Dragon’s Tongue (Halymenia)

Dragon’s Tongue (Halymenia) is a display-friendly macroalgae that offers light nutrient export without aggressive growth. It does best in stable systems with moderate–high light,...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Dragon’s Tongue (Halymenia)
Chaeto (Chaetomorpha) ARTICLE

Chaeto (Chaetomorpha)

Chaeto (Chaetomorpha) is a utility macroalgae used almost exclusively for nutrient export and pod habitat in refugiums. It needs strong, consistent light, good flow,...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Chaeto (Chaetomorpha)
Caulerpa ARTICLE

Caulerpa

Fast-growing macroalgae with grape-like fronds — popular in refugiums, but runners and fragments can escape and overrun display rockwork if not contained early.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Caulerpa
Coralline Algae ARTICLE

Coralline Algae

Purple-pink crust on rock and glass—nature’s seal of stability and a gorgeous backdrop.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Coralline Algae
Bubble Coral (Plerogyra sinuosa) ARTICLE

Bubble Coral (Plerogyra sinuosa)

Bubble corals are unique LPS corals with inflated “bubble” polyps that thrive in stable tanks with low–moderate light and gentle indirect flow, plus extra...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bubble Coral (Plerogyra sinuosa)
Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus) ARTICLE

Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus)

Acropora red bugs are tiny parasitic copepods that reduce polyp extension and slow SPS growth, usually spreading through new Acropora frags.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus)
Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus) ARTICLE

Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus)

Montipora-eating nudibranchs are camouflaged coral predators that chew Montis and lay eggs, causing “nibbled” edges and slow tissue loss.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus)
Waminoa Coral Flatworms (Waminoa spp.) ARTICLE

Waminoa Coral Flatworms (Waminoa spp.)

Waminoa are small flatworms that sit on coral tissue and can cause chronic irritation and shading, especially when populations build up.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Waminoa Coral Flatworms (Waminoa spp.)
Acropora-Eating Flatworm (AEFW) (Amakusaplana acroporae) ARTICLE

Acropora-Eating Flatworm (AEFW) (Amakusaplana acroporae)

AEFW are Acropora-specific coral predators that cause bite marks, poor polyp extension, and slow SPS decline, with eggs that make them hard to eliminate.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Acropora-Eating Flatworm (AEFW) (Amakusaplana acroporae)
Coral-Boring Spionid Worms (Spionidae spp.) ARTICLE

Coral-Boring Spionid Worms (Spionidae spp.)

Spionid worms can live in coral skeleton and irritate tissue with paired feeding filaments, sometimes causing localized recession.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Coral-Boring Spionid Worms (Spionidae spp.)
Vermetid Snails (Vermetidae spp.) ARTICLE

Vermetid Snails (Vermetidae spp.)

Vermetid snails are tube-dwelling pests that spread on rock and frag plugs and irritate corals with sticky mucus webs.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Vermetid Snails (Vermetidae spp.)
Vibriosis (Vibrio spp.) ARTICLE

Vibriosis (Vibrio spp.)

Vibriosis is a bacterial disease that can cause rapid redness, ulcers, fin rot, and systemic decline in saltwater fish, and early isolation plus clean,...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Vibriosis (Vibrio spp.)
Black Ich (Paravortex spp.) ARTICLE

Black Ich (Paravortex spp.)

Black ich is a turbellarian parasite that shows up as pepper-like black dots on fish (often tangs) along with scratching and irritation, and it’s...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Black Ich (Paravortex spp.)
Uronema (Uronema marinum) ARTICLE

Uronema (Uronema marinum)

Uronema is an opportunistic protozoan that can cause rapid tissue damage and red sores, especially in stressed fish like chromis, and it can spiral...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Uronema (Uronema marinum)
Brooklynellosis (Brooklynella hostilis) ARTICLE

Brooklynellosis (Brooklynella hostilis)

Brooklynella is a common clownfish-associated parasite that causes heavy mucus, rapid breathing, and fast decline. It’s often mistaken for shipping stress until the fish...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Brooklynellosis (Brooklynella hostilis)
Marine Velvet (Amyloodinium ocellatum) ARTICLE

Marine Velvet (Amyloodinium ocellatum)

Marine velvet is a fast-killing parasite that attacks gills and skin, often showing up as rapid breathing, hiding, and a faint “dusty” coating. Early...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Marine Velvet (Amyloodinium ocellatum)
Ball Anemone ARTICLE

Ball Anemone

Ball anemones are hardy corallimorph hitchhikers that hide in shaded crevices and feed like tiny ambush predators. They can sting nearby corals and irritate...

Reefapedia 5 min read
Ball Anemone
Gorilla Crabs ARTICLE

Gorilla Crabs

Gorilla/xanthid crabs are common hitchhikers that can become predators in reef tanks, often causing mystery snail and hermit losses. Because many are nocturnal and...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Gorilla Crabs
Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus) ARTICLE

Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus)

Acropora red bugs are tiny parasitic copepods that irritate Acropora, causing reduced polyp extension, dull color, and slowed growth. They spread easily via new...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Acropora Red Bugs (Tegastes acroporanus)
Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda) ARTICLE

Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda)

Mantis shrimp are predatory hitchhikers that often reveal themselves through clicking sounds and disappearing snails or hermits. They’re fascinating animals, but not reef-safe in...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda)
Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus) ARTICLE

Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus)

Montipora-eating nudibranchs are tiny coral predators that chew Montipora tissue, causing “nibbled” edges and scraped white bite patches. They hide on undersides and lay...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Montipora-Eating Nudibranch (Phestilla subodiosus)
Acropora-Eating Flatworm ARTICLE

Acropora-Eating Flatworm

AEFW are Acropora-specific flatworms that eat coral tissue, causing bite marks, poor polyp extension, and slow SPS decline. They spread mainly through unvetted Acropora...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Acropora-Eating Flatworm
Red Planaria Flatworms ARTICLE

Red Planaria Flatworms

Red planaria are common nuisance flatworms that multiply quickly in low-flow, detritus-rich areas. Heavy infestations can shade and irritate corals, and large die-offs during...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Red Planaria Flatworms
Vermetid Snails ARTICLE

Vermetid Snails

Vermetid snails are tube-dwelling pests that spread on rock and frag plugs and feed with sticky mucus webs. Their webs can irritate corals and...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Vermetid Snails
Majano Anemone ARTICLE

Majano Anemone

Majano anemones are pest hitchhikers that can sting corals and spread quickly in reef tanks. Remove or control them early—once established, they’re difficult to...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Majano Anemone
Aiptasia ARTICLE

Aiptasia

Aiptasia are fast-spreading pest anemones that hitchhike into reef tanks and sting corals. Catch and control them early—once established, they’re difficult to eradicate.

Reefapedia 4 min read
Aiptasia
Aquarium Controllers ARTICLE

Aquarium Controllers

Aquarium controllers centralize monitoring and automation for reef systems, allowing reefkeepers to track parameters, control equipment, and respond to changes more consistently. Their real...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Aquarium Controllers
Torch Coral ARTICLE

Torch Coral

Torch corals are high-impact LPS corals with long flowing tentacles that thrive in stable tanks with moderate light, gentle indirect flow, and lots of...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Torch Coral
Elegance Coral ARTICLE

Elegance Coral

Elegance corals are large, fleshy LPS showpieces with long flowing tentacles that thrive in stable tanks with moderate light, gentle flow, and careful placement—plus...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Elegance Coral
Mushroom Corals ARTICLE

Mushroom Corals

Mushroom corals are hardy, low-light soft corals that thrive in gentle flow and stable tanks, but they can move, spread, and outcompete neighbors by...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Mushroom Corals
Duncan Coral ARTICLE

Duncan Coral

Duncan corals are hardy, beginner-friendly LPS corals with big flowing polyps and a strong feeding response, thriving in stable tanks with low–moderate light and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Duncan Coral
Candy Cane Coral ARTICLE

Candy Cane Coral

Candy cane corals are hardy, beginner-friendly LPS corals with puffy round heads that thrive in stable tanks with low–moderate light, gentle flow, and optional...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Candy Cane Coral
Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis) ARTICLE

Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis)

Montipora capricornis is a beginner-friendly plating SPS coral that grows into dramatic shelves and scrolls under stable reef chemistry, moderate–high light, and strong turbulent...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis)
Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma) ARTICLE

Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma)

Rust-Brown Flatworms / Red Planaria are common nuisance flatworms that multiply fast in low-flow areas and can irritate corals or foul the tank during...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma)
Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida) ARTICLE

Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida)

Oenone worms are hidden predators often blamed for unexplained snail losses and empty shells in reef tanks.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida)
Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois) ARTICLE

Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois)

Bobbit worms are rare but notorious ambush predators that hide deep in rock or sand and can cause mysterious fish and invert losses.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois)
Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata) ARTICLE

Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata)

Bearded fireworms are predatory, stinging polychaetes that can damage corals and eat inverts, and they’re not the “normal” bristleworm you ignore.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata)
Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.) ARTICLE

Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.)

Bristleworms are common reef hitchhikers that usually help clean detritus, but large individuals and certain species can become nuisance pests.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.)
Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.) ARTICLE

Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.)

Spirorbid worms are tiny white spiral tube worms that commonly appear in reef tanks and are usually harmless hitchhikers.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.)
Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus) ARTICLE

Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus)

Lymphocystis is a stress-linked viral condition that causes cauliflower-like nodules on fins or skin and often looks scary but is usually not deadly and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus)
Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.) ARTICLE

Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.)

Marine leeches are external parasites that attach to fish and cause wounds, stress, and sometimes heavy breathing when near gills, and a visible leech...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.)
Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.) ARTICLE

Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.)

Benedenia skin flukes cause chronic scratching, mucus buildup, and stressed, faded-looking fish, and they can persist in systems without proper quarantine and follow-through.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.)
Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni) ARTICLE

Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni)

Neobenedenia flukes are contagious skin and eye parasites that cause flashing, excess mucus, and cloudy eyes, and they’re often missed because they look like...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni)
Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans) ARTICLE

Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans)

Marine ich is a contagious parasite that causes white “salt grain” spots, flashing, and breathing stress in saltwater fish. It can cycle in the...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans)
Sebae Anemone ARTICLE

Sebae Anemone

Sebae anemones can be great host anemones in stable, mature reefs, but many are sold stressed or bleached. Give them moderate–high light, gentle flow,...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Sebae Anemone
Carpet Anemone (Gigantea) ARTICLE

Carpet Anemone (Gigantea)

Gigantea carpet anemones are stunning but advanced anemones that need a large, mature, oxygen-rich tank with strong broad flow and stable parameters. They’re powerful...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Carpet Anemone (Gigantea)
Carpet Anemone (Haddoni) ARTICLE

Carpet Anemone (Haddoni)

Haddoni carpet anemones are stunning sandbed centerpieces that need a large, mature, stable tank with a deep substrate, strong lighting, and gentle flow. They’re...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Carpet Anemone (Haddoni)
Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone ARTICLE

Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone

Maxi-mini carpet anemones are hardy, colorful anemones that like a sandy nook, moderate–high light, gentle flow, and regular meaty feedings. They’re extremely sticky and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone
Rock Flower Anemone ARTICLE

Rock Flower Anemone

Rock Flower Anemones are colorful, mostly stay-put anemones that do best in stable tanks with gentle flow, low–moderate light, and regular small meaty feedings....

Reefapedia 1 min read
Rock Flower Anemone
Condylactis Anemone ARTICLE

Condylactis Anemone

Condylactis (Condy) anemones are hardy, bold centerpiece anemones that need a stable, mature reef with moderate–high light and gentle flow. They wander and sting,...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Condylactis Anemone
Bubble Tip Anemone ARTICLE

Bubble Tip Anemone

Bubble Tip Anemones are rewarding centerpiece anemones that thrive in mature, stable reef tanks with strong, consistent lighting and moderate indirect flow. They can...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bubble Tip Anemone
Hydroids ARTICLE

Hydroids

Hydroids are stinging colonial polyps that hitchhike into reef tanks and can spread across plugs, racks, and rockwork. They often irritate corals and cause...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Hydroids
Myrionema Hydroids ARTICLE

Myrionema Hydroids

Myrionema hydroids are stinging colonial polyps that often spread around zoa mats and frag plugs, causing localized zoanthid irritation and persistent closure. They thrive...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Myrionema Hydroids
Christmas-Tree Hydroid ARTICLE

Christmas-Tree Hydroid

Fire/Christmas-tree hydroids are stinging Pennaria colonies that look like tiny feathery “mini trees” on plugs, racks, and sump/overflow surfaces. They can irritate corals—and sting...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Christmas-Tree Hydroid
Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch ARTICLE

Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch

Zoanthid-eating nudibranchs are tiny, camouflaged predators that eat zoa polyps and can wipe colonies fast. They hide in mats and lay eggs, so outbreaks...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch
Phytoplankton ARTICLE

Phytoplankton

Phytoplankton isn’t livestock—it’s food web support. Its main value is feeding pods and filter feeders and strengthening the base of the reef ecosystem. When...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Phytoplankton
Amphipods ARTICLE

Amphipods

Amphipods are beneficial micro-crustaceans that support reef stability by recycling waste and serving as natural live food for fish. They thrive in tanks with...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Amphipods
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