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Torch Coral ARTICLE

Torch Coral

Torch corals are high-impact LPS corals with long flowing tentacles that thrive in stable tanks with moderate light, gentle indirect flow, and lots of...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Torch Coral
Elegance Coral ARTICLE

Elegance Coral

Elegance corals are large, fleshy LPS showpieces with long flowing tentacles that thrive in stable tanks with moderate light, gentle flow, and careful placement—plus...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Elegance Coral
Mushroom Corals ARTICLE

Mushroom Corals

Mushroom corals are hardy, low-light soft corals that thrive in gentle flow and stable tanks, but they can move, spread, and outcompete neighbors by...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Mushroom Corals
Duncan Coral ARTICLE

Duncan Coral

Duncan corals are hardy, beginner-friendly LPS corals with big flowing polyps and a strong feeding response, thriving in stable tanks with low–moderate light and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Duncan Coral
Candy Cane Coral ARTICLE

Candy Cane Coral

Candy cane corals are hardy, beginner-friendly LPS corals with puffy round heads that thrive in stable tanks with low–moderate light, gentle flow, and optional...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Candy Cane Coral
Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis) ARTICLE

Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis)

Montipora capricornis is a beginner-friendly plating SPS coral that grows into dramatic shelves and scrolls under stable reef chemistry, moderate–high light, and strong turbulent...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Montipora Cap (Montipora capricornis)
Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma) ARTICLE

Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma)

Rust-Brown Flatworms / Red Planaria are common nuisance flatworms that multiply fast in low-flow areas and can irritate corals or foul the tank during...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Red Planaria (Convolutriloba retrogemma)
Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida) ARTICLE

Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida)

Oenone worms are hidden predators often blamed for unexplained snail losses and empty shells in reef tanks.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Predatory Oenone Worm (Oenone fulgida)
Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois) ARTICLE

Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois)

Bobbit worms are rare but notorious ambush predators that hide deep in rock or sand and can cause mysterious fish and invert losses.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois)
Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata) ARTICLE

Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata)

Bearded fireworms are predatory, stinging polychaetes that can damage corals and eat inverts, and they’re not the “normal” bristleworm you ignore.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bearded Fireworm (Hermodice carunculata)
Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.) ARTICLE

Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.)

Bristleworms are common reef hitchhikers that usually help clean detritus, but large individuals and certain species can become nuisance pests.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bristleworms (Eurythoe spp.)
Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.) ARTICLE

Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.)

Spirorbid worms are tiny white spiral tube worms that commonly appear in reef tanks and are usually harmless hitchhikers.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Spirobid Worms (Spirorbidae spp.)
Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus) ARTICLE

Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus)

Lymphocystis is a stress-linked viral condition that causes cauliflower-like nodules on fins or skin and often looks scary but is usually not deadly and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Lymphocystis (Lymphocystivirus)
Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.) ARTICLE

Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.)

Marine leeches are external parasites that attach to fish and cause wounds, stress, and sometimes heavy breathing when near gills, and a visible leech...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Marine Leeches (Piscicolidae; e.g., Trachelobdella spp.)
Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.) ARTICLE

Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.)

Benedenia skin flukes cause chronic scratching, mucus buildup, and stressed, faded-looking fish, and they can persist in systems without proper quarantine and follow-through.

Reefapedia 1 min read
Skin Flukes (Benedenia spp.)
Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni) ARTICLE

Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni)

Neobenedenia flukes are contagious skin and eye parasites that cause flashing, excess mucus, and cloudy eyes, and they’re often missed because they look like...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Eye/Skin Flukes (Neobenedenia melleni)
Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans) ARTICLE

Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans)

Marine ich is a contagious parasite that causes white “salt grain” spots, flashing, and breathing stress in saltwater fish. It can cycle in the...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans)
Sebae Anemone ARTICLE

Sebae Anemone

Sebae anemones can be great host anemones in stable, mature reefs, but many are sold stressed or bleached. Give them moderate–high light, gentle flow,...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Sebae Anemone
Carpet Anemone (Gigantea) ARTICLE

Carpet Anemone (Gigantea)

Gigantea carpet anemones are stunning but advanced anemones that need a large, mature, oxygen-rich tank with strong broad flow and stable parameters. They’re powerful...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Carpet Anemone (Gigantea)
Carpet Anemone (Haddoni) ARTICLE

Carpet Anemone (Haddoni)

Haddoni carpet anemones are stunning sandbed centerpieces that need a large, mature, stable tank with a deep substrate, strong lighting, and gentle flow. They’re...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Carpet Anemone (Haddoni)
Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone ARTICLE

Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone

Maxi-mini carpet anemones are hardy, colorful anemones that like a sandy nook, moderate–high light, gentle flow, and regular meaty feedings. They’re extremely sticky and...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Maxi-Mini Carpet Anemone
Rock Flower Anemone ARTICLE

Rock Flower Anemone

Rock Flower Anemones are colorful, mostly stay-put anemones that do best in stable tanks with gentle flow, low–moderate light, and regular small meaty feedings....

Reefapedia 1 min read
Rock Flower Anemone
Condylactis Anemone ARTICLE

Condylactis Anemone

Condylactis (Condy) anemones are hardy, bold centerpiece anemones that need a stable, mature reef with moderate–high light and gentle flow. They wander and sting,...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Condylactis Anemone
Bubble Tip Anemone ARTICLE

Bubble Tip Anemone

Bubble Tip Anemones are rewarding centerpiece anemones that thrive in mature, stable reef tanks with strong, consistent lighting and moderate indirect flow. They can...

Reefapedia 1 min read
Bubble Tip Anemone
Hydroids ARTICLE

Hydroids

Hydroids are stinging colonial polyps that hitchhike into reef tanks and can spread across plugs, racks, and rockwork. They often irritate corals and cause...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Hydroids
Myrionema Hydroids ARTICLE

Myrionema Hydroids

Myrionema hydroids are stinging colonial polyps that often spread around zoa mats and frag plugs, causing localized zoanthid irritation and persistent closure. They thrive...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Myrionema Hydroids
Christmas-Tree Hydroid ARTICLE

Christmas-Tree Hydroid

Fire/Christmas-tree hydroids are stinging Pennaria colonies that look like tiny feathery “mini trees” on plugs, racks, and sump/overflow surfaces. They can irritate corals—and sting...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Christmas-Tree Hydroid
Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch ARTICLE

Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch

Zoanthid-eating nudibranchs are tiny, camouflaged predators that eat zoa polyps and can wipe colonies fast. They hide in mats and lay eggs, so outbreaks...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Zoanthid-Eating Nudibranch
Phytoplankton ARTICLE

Phytoplankton

Phytoplankton isn’t livestock—it’s food web support. Its main value is feeding pods and filter feeders and strengthening the base of the reef ecosystem. When...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Phytoplankton
Amphipods ARTICLE

Amphipods

Amphipods are beneficial micro-crustaceans that support reef stability by recycling waste and serving as natural live food for fish. They thrive in tanks with...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Amphipods
Copepods ARTICLE

Copepods

Copepods are foundational micro-crustaceans that support biodiversity and provide natural live food in reef tanks. They thrive in stable systems with structure, food, and...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Copepods
Gracilaria ARTICLE

Gracilaria

Gracilaria is a reef-friendly macroalgae that provides steady nutrient export, pod habitat, and natural food for herbivores without becoming invasive. It grows best with...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Gracilaria
Asterina Starfish ARTICLE

Asterina Starfish

Asterina starfish are common hitchhikers that usually act as harmless algae and biofilm grazers. In balanced tanks they stay in low numbers and do...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Asterina Starfish
Fromia Starfish ARTICLE

Fromia Starfish

Fromia starfish are beautiful but demanding invertebrates that rely on mature reef surfaces for food. They require large, well-established tanks with abundant biofilm and...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Fromia Starfish
Sand-Sifting Starfish ARTICLE

Sand-Sifting Starfish

Sand-sifting starfish clean sand by consuming the life within it, which makes them one of the most common slow-failure inverts in reef tanks. While...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Sand-Sifting Starfish
Serpent Star ARTICLE

Serpent Star

Serpent stars are hardy, reef-safe scavengers that live in rockwork and clean up leftover food before it becomes a nutrient issue. They’re mostly nocturnal...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Serpent Star
Brittle Star ARTICLE

Brittle Star

Brittle stars are reef-safe scavengers that live in rockwork and help clean up leftover food before it becomes a nutrient problem. They’re mostly hidden...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Brittle Star
Squamosa Clam ARTICLE

Squamosa Clam

Squamosa clams are one of the more forgiving giant clams, but they still require a stable, mature reef with consistent lighting and chemistry. They...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Squamosa Clam
Crocea Clam ARTICLE

Crocea Clam

Crocea clams are high-light, rock-dwelling giant clams that demand stable chemistry and strong, consistent lighting. They’re sensitive to alkalinity swings, poor placement, and system...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Crocea Clam
Maxima Clam ARTICLE

Maxima Clam

Maxima clams are high-light, light-driven clams that do best in mature, stable reef systems. They need strong, consistent lighting, steady alkalinity and calcium, and...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Maxima Clam
Derasa Clam ARTICLE

Derasa Clam

Derasa clams are one of the more forgiving giant clams, but they still require a stable, mature reef with consistent lighting and chemistry. They...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Derasa Clam
Collector Urchin ARTICLE

Collector Urchin

Collector urchins are effective algae grazers with a lot of personality, but they’re mechanically disruptive by nature. They’re reef safe biologically, yet will pick...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Collector Urchin
Pencil Urchin ARTICLE

Pencil Urchin

Pencil urchins are strong, opportunistic algae grazers that work best in rugged, well-secured systems. They’re reef safe with caution, not because they eat corals,...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Pencil Urchin
Longspine Urchin ARTICLE

Longspine Urchin

Longspine urchins are powerful algae grazers best suited for large, well-secured reef tanks. They’re reef safe biologically, but their size, spines, and strength make...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Longspine Urchin
Tuxedo Urchin ARTICLE

Tuxedo Urchin

Tuxedo urchins are small, reef-friendly algae grazers that excel at controlling film algae and biofilm in mixed reefs. They’re generally gentle, but will move...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Tuxedo Urchin
Pincushion Urchin ARTICLE

Pincushion Urchin

Pincushion urchins are small, reef-friendly algae grazers that work well in mixed reefs when given enough food. They’re generally gentle but can knock over...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Pincushion Urchin
Anemone Crab ARTICLE

Anemone Crab

Anemone crabs are specialized, symbiotic crabs that depend on a healthy host anemone to thrive. They do best in stable, established tanks where food...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Anemone Crab
Emerald Crab ARTICLE

Emerald Crab

Emerald crabs are opportunistic algae grazers that can be very effective when algae is present, especially bubble algae. They’re reef safe with conditions, but...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Emerald Crab
Porcelain Crab ARTICLE

Porcelain Crab

Porcelain crabs are peaceful filter feeders that rely on moderate flow and suspended food rather than scavenging. They do best in established reefs with...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Porcelain Crab
Blue-Leg Hermit Crab ARTICLE

Blue-Leg Hermit Crab

Blue-leg hermits are active, hardy scavengers that help with algae and leftover food, but they’re more aggressive than scarlet hermits. Their biggest downside is...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Blue-Leg Hermit Crab
Scarlet Hermit Crab ARTICLE

Scarlet Hermit Crab

Scarlet hermit crabs are one of the most reef-friendly hermits available, known for grazing algae and biofilm without causing much trouble. They do best...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Scarlet Hermit Crab
Astraea Snail ARTICLE

Astraea Snail

Astraea snails are reef-safe algae grazers that clean film algae and biofilm from rock and glass. Their main downside is that many can’t flip...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Astraea Snail
Cerith Snail ARTICLE

Cerith Snail

Cerith snails are versatile, reef-safe grazers that work across rock, glass, and sandbed edges, making them one of the most useful cleanup crew snails...

Reefapedia 3 min read
Cerith Snail
Turbo Snail ARTICLE

Turbo Snail

Turbo snails are powerful algae grazers best used as a targeted response when algae needs to be knocked back quickly. They’re reef safe biologically,...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Turbo Snail
Nassarius Snail ARTICLE

Nassarius Snail

Nassarius snails are sandbed scavengers that specialize in cleaning up leftover meaty food, not algae. They live buried in the sand and rely on...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Nassarius Snail
Trochus Snail ARTICLE

Trochus Snail

Trochus snails are reliable, reef-safe algae grazers that work on both glass and rock without needing constant attention. They’re especially valued for their ability...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Trochus Snail
Pistol Shrimp ARTICLE

Pistol Shrimp

Pistol shrimp are burrowing engineers that reshape the sandbed, move rubble, and make their presence known with characteristic snapping. They aren’t cleanup crew and...

Reefapedia 5 min read
Pistol Shrimp
Fire Shrimp ARTICLE

Fire Shrimp

Fire (Blood) shrimp are peaceful, reef-safe cleaner shrimp with a more reserved personality than skunk cleaners. They’re naturally shy, often more active in the...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Fire Shrimp
Skunk Cleaner Shrimp ARTICLE

Skunk Cleaner Shrimp

Skunk cleaner shrimp are hardy, reef-safe scavengers that also happen to clean fish when given the chance. They’re active, visible, and beginner-friendly in stable...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Skunk Cleaner Shrimp
Peppermint Shrimp ARTICLE

Peppermint Shrimp

Peppermint shrimp are hardy, opportunistic scavengers that fit well into many reef tanks when expectations are set correctly. They’re mostly nocturnal, tend to stay...

Reefapedia 4 min read
Peppermint Shrimp
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